By Suzana 
Cold sores, also known as fever blisters, are caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). This virus is highly contagious and can spread through direct contact with an infected area. Once you’ve contracted HSV-1, the virus remains dormant in your body, and it can reactivate periodically, causing cold sores to appear.
Recognizing the Signs
Cold sores typically start as a tingling, burning, or itching sensation on the lips or around the mouth. Within a few days, a small, red bump appears, which quickly develops into a blister. The blister then breaks open, forming a crust that eventually heals.
Over-the-Counter Treatments
There are a number of over-the-counter treatments available to help relieve the symptoms of cold sores and speed up healing. These include:
- Antiviral creams: Antiviral creams, such as docosanol (Abreva), can help reduce the duration and severity of cold sores.
- Pain relievers: Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can help reduce pain and inflammation.
- Cold compresses: Applying a cold compress to the affected area can help reduce swelling and pain.
Prescription Medications
In some cases, your doctor may prescribe antiviral medications to help treat cold sores. These medications can help shorten the duration of the outbreak and reduce the severity of symptoms.
Home Remedies
While there’s no scientific evidence to support the effectiveness of home remedies, some people find relief from using:
- Tea tree oil: Tea tree oil has antiviral properties and may help reduce the duration and severity of cold sores.
- Aloe vera: Aloe vera can help soothe and moisturize the affected area.
- Lysine: Lysine is an amino acid that may help prevent the growth of the herpes virus.
Preventing Cold Sores
Once you’ve contracted HSV-1, there’s no cure, but you can take steps to prevent outbreaks:
- Avoid triggers: Identify your triggers, such as stress, sun exposure, or illness, and try to avoid them.
- Practice good hygiene: Wash your hands frequently, especially after touching an infected area. Avoid sharing personal items, such as razors, toothbrushes, and lip balm.
- Protect your lips: Apply lip balm with SPF to protect your lips from sun exposure.
- Boost your immune system: Eat a healthy diet, get enough sleep, and manage stress to help boost your immune system.
When to See a Doctor
If you experience frequent or severe cold sores, or if you have any concerns about your symptoms, see your doctor. They can help determine the best course of treatment for you.